Abstract

The domain of second language (L2) listening has been developing a robust research tradition in the past three and a half decades. Although it is the least researched language skill compared with more established ones such as reading and writing, the various lines of inquiry in L2 listening have yielded important insights that inform both teaching and learning. This chapter begins with a description of the nature of L2 listening that involves various enabling skills, cognitive processes and types of listening. It then gives an overview of important developments, trends and traditions in L2 listening research and instruction, focusing on areas such as factors that influence listening comprehension, methods in investigating L2 listening and listening in English for Specific Purposes (ESP). This is followed by a discussion of current issues that concern the field and concludes with some possible new directions for L2 listening research.