Abstract

This chapter discusses the use of selected-response item formats in developing tests of achievement and ability. The chapter reviews some important research evidence to support the use of selected-response item forms as a major building block for written and computer-based tests. Validity evidence for the selected-response item format is emphasized. Strengths and limitations of the selected-response formats are overviewed and specific formats, such as multiple-choice, extended matching, and special uses of selected-response formats in testlets or context-dependent item sets are discussed.