Abstract

Although the topic of curriculum integration has been around for more than 100 years, it has gained considerable momentum recently with the emergence of STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education initiatives in the United States and new standards in science, mathematics, and reading (e.g., Common Core State Standards Initiative, 2012; Standards for Mathematical Practice and Framework for K–12 Science Education [National Research Council, 2012]). Integration is a pivotal component in the Framework for K–12 Science Education, which includes scientific and engineering practices, crosscutting concepts, and disciplinary core ideas. The science and engineering practices clearly encourage integration of science with engineering, technology, and literacy (e.g., discourse, reading, and writing). Within the dimensions of the framework are integration of mathematical skills, technological literacies, and the role of society in the realm of science.